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1.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 19: eAO6001, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1339830

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation therapy in redox status, angiogenesis marker - vascular endothelial growth factor - and in the functional recovery in denervated muscle. Methods: A total of 32 female Wistar rats underwent a crush injury and were randomly divided into four groups: Light Emitting Diode Group 2 and Control Group 2 (muscle collected 2 days after injury), and Light Emitting Diode Group 21 and Control Group 21 (muscle collected 21 days afterinjury). Light Emitting Diode Group 2 and Light Emitting Diode Group 21 received two and ten light emitting diode applications (630±20nm, 9J/cm2, 300mW), respectively, and the Control Group 2 and Control Group 21 did not receive any treatment. The function was evaluated by grasping test at four moments (pre-injury, 2, 10 and 21 post-injury days). The flexor digitorum muscle was collected for analysis of immunolocalization of vascular endothelial growth factor and redox parameters. Results: Functional improvement was observed at the second and tenth post-injury day in treated groups compared to control (p<0.005). The muscle tissue of treated groups presented higher immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. Photobiomodulation therapy decreased the oxidative damage to lipid in Light Emitting Diode Group 2 compared to Control Group 2 (p=0.023) in the denervated muscle. Conclusion: Photobiomodulation therapy accelerated the functional recovery, increased angiogenesis and reduced lipid peroxidation in the denervated muscle at 2 days after injury.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da terapia de fotobiomodulação no estado redox, no marcador de angiogênese - fator de crescimento endotelial vascular - e na recuperação funcional do músculo desnervado. Métodos: Um total de 32 ratas Wistar foi submetido a uma lesão por esmagamento e dividido aleatoriamente em quatro grupos: Grupo Diodo Emissor de Luz 2 e Grupo Controle 2 (músculo coletado 2 dias após a lesão), além do Grupo Diodo Emissor de Luz 21 e do Grupo Controle 21 (músculo coletado 21 dias após a lesão). Grupo Diodo Emissor de Luz 2 e Grupo Diodo Emissor de Luz 21 receberam duas e dez aplicações de diodo emissor de luz (630±20nm, 9J/cm2e 300mW), respectivamente, e Grupo Controle 2 e Grupo Controle 21 não receberam tratamento. A função foi avaliada pelo teste de preensão em quatro momentos (pré-lesão, 2, 10 e 21 dias após a lesão). O músculo flexor dos dedos foi coletado para análise dos parâmetros redox e da imunolocalização do fator de crescimento endotelial vascular. Resultados: Houve melhora funcional no segundo e décimo dia pós-lesão nos grupos tratados em comparação aos controles (p<0,005). O tecido muscular dos grupos tratados apresentou maior expressão imuno-histoquímica do fator de crescimento endotelial vascular. A terapia de fotobiomodulação diminuiu o dano oxidativo aos lipídeos no Grupo Diodo Emissor de Luz 2 comparado ao Grupo Controle 2 (p=0,023) no músculo desnervado. Conclusão: A terapia de fotobiomodulação acelerou a recuperação funcional, aumentou a angiogênese e reduziu a peroxidação lipídica no músculo desnervado 2 dias após a lesão.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Low-Level Light Therapy , Oxidation-Reduction , Rats, Wistar , Muscle, Skeletal , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 36(2): 471-477, jun. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-954139

ABSTRACT

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic neuromuscular disorder with progressive clinical signs until death, around the second decade of life. Mdx is the most used animal model to pre-clinical studies of DMD. Parameters of exercise on this muscular disease are still unknown. This research aimed to investigate if the low intensity treadmill training would exacerbate the markers of muscle injury, fibrosis, and the composition of the extracellular matrix by type I and III collagens of the mdx model. Dystrophic 11-week-old male mice were separated in exercised (mdxE, n=8) and sedentary (mdxC, n=8) groups. Wild-type mice were used as control (WT, n=8). Exercised group underwent a LIT protocol (9 m/min, 30min, 3days/week, 60 days) on a horizontal treadmill. Gastrocnemius muscle was collected at day 60 and processed to morphological and morphometric analyzes. Sedentary mdx animals presented inflammatory infiltrate and necrotic fibers. Histochemical analysis revealed that the perimysium of the mdxC group is organized into thick and clustered collagen fibers, which generates a larger area of intramuscular collagen fibers for these animals. Histomorphometry attested that fraction area of collagen fibers of mdxC group was higher than mdxE group (p=0.04) and mdxE group values similar to WT group (p=1.00). Centrally located nuclei fibers and the variance coefficient (VC) of minimal Feret's diameter was similar in mdxE and mdxC groups (p=1.00) and both groups presented higher mean values than WT group (p<0.00). Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of type I collagen mainly in the mdxC group. LIT protocol had not exacerbated muscle injuries resulting from the dystrophindeficiency membrane fragility at the same time that had reduced the intramuscular collagen deposition. LIT had positively influenced these markers of dystrophic muscle injury on gastrocnemius muscle of mdx model.


La distrofia muscular de Duchenne (DMD) es un trastorno neuromuscular genético con signos clínicos progresivos hasta la muerte, alrededor de la segunda década de la vida. Mdx es el modelo animal más utilizado para estudios preclínicos de DMD. Los parámetros del ejercicio en esta enfermedad muscular aún se desconocen. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo investigar si el entrenamiento de cinta de baja intensidad exacerbaría los marcadores de lesión muscular, fibrosis y la composición de la matriz extracelular por colágenos tipo I y III del modelo mdx. Ratones machos de 11 semanas de edad con distrofia se separaron en grupos ejercitados (mdxE, n = 8) y sedentarios (mdxC, n = 8). Se usaron ratones de tipo salvaje como control (WT, n = 8). El grupo sometido a ejercicio se sometió a un protocolo LIT (9 m / min, 30 min, 3 días / semana, 60 días) en una cinta de trotar horizontal. El músculo gastrocnemio se retiró el día 60 y se procesó para realizar análisis morfológicos y morfométricos. Los animales sedentarios mdx presentaron infiltrado inflamatorio y fibras necróticas. El análisis histoquímico reveló que el perimisio del grupo mdxC está organizado en fibras de colágeno gruesas y agrupadas, lo que genera una mayor área de fibras de colágeno intramusculares para estos animales. La histomorfometría indicó que el área de fracción de las fibras de colágeno del grupo mdxC era más alta que el grupo mdxE (p = 0,04) y los valores del grupo mdxE eran similares al grupo WT (p = 1,00). Las fibras de los núcleos ubicados centralmente y el coeficiente de varianza (VC) del diámetro mínimo de Feret fueron similares en los grupos mdxE y mdxC (p = 1,00) y ambos grupos presentaron valores medios más altos que el grupo WT (p <0,00). La inmunohistoquímica reveló la presencia de colágeno tipo I principalmente en el grupo mdxC. El protocolo LIT no había agravado las lesiones musculares resultantes de la fragilidad de la membrana con deficiencia de distrofina al mismo tiempo que había reducido la deposición intramuscular de colágeno. LIT ha influido positivamente en estos marcadores de lesión muscular distrófica en el músculo gastrocnemio del modelo mdx.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Exercise/physiology , Muscle, Skeletal/pathology , Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/pathology , Immunohistochemistry , Adaptation, Physiological , Collagen/analysis , Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism , Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/metabolism , Mice, Inbred C57BL
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